vitrification cryogenic liquid classification

The main categories of vitrification cryogenic liquids are as follows:

1. Organic vitrification liquid: Using organic compounds as the base liquid, a glass transition temperature as low as -140°C can be obtained. Commonly used organic vitrification cryogenic liquids include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and diethylene glycol. This refrigerant has the advantages of low viscosity, low toxicity and chemical stability.

2. Inorganic vitrification freezing liquid: Using inorganic salts or metal ions as the base liquid can obtain a lower glass transition temperature. Commonly used inorganic vitrification cryogenic liquids include sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate. This kind of cryogenic liquid has high heat capacity and thermal conductivity and is suitable for high temperature experiments.

3. Water-based vitrification liquid: Use water as the base liquid, and reduce the glass transition temperature by adding an appropriate amount of additives. Commonly used additives include glycerin, ethanol and sucrose. Water-based vitrification liquid has the advantages of environmental friendliness, easy preparation and low cost, and is widely used in biological and medical fields.

4. Gas-based vitrification freezing liquid: using liquid gas as the base liquid, the glass transition is achieved by adjusting the temperature. Commonly used gas-based vitrification cryogenic liquids include liquid nitrogen and liquid argon. This freezing liquid has extremely low temperature and high heat capacity, making it suitable for ultra-low temperature experiments.

The above are the classifications of some common vitrification cryogenic fluids. Each cryogenic fluid has its specific application areas, advantages and disadvantages, and the selection of the appropriate cryogenic fluid should be based on specific experimental needs and conditions.